AXIS 1 -EPIDEMIOLOGICAL RESEARCH

COMPLETED PROJECTS


← Current projects

The CRVE takes advantage of several epidemiological surveys for the development of new knowledge and innovative theoretical models. Discover the completed projects of axis 1 as well as the resulting publications:

Project 1. Victimization of children aged 2-11 in Quebec

Funding
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council sshrc-crsh (2010-2013)

Principal researcher
Marie-Ève Clément, Ph.D.

Co-researchers
Claire Chamberland, Ph.D.
Katie Cyr, Ph.D.
Genviève Lessard, Ph.D.
Delphine Collin-Vézina, Ph.D.
Marie-Hélène Gagné, Ph.D.
Jo-Anne Wemmers, Ph.D.

Project 2. Polyvictimization of adolescents in Quebec

Funding
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council sshrc-crsh (2008-2011)

Principal researcher
Claire Chamberland, Ph.D.

Co-researchers
Geneviève Lessard, Ph.D.
Katie Cyr, Ph.D.
Marie-Ève Clément, Ph.D.
Delphine Collin-Vézina, Ph.D.
Marie-Hélène Gagné, Ph.D.
Jo-Anne Wemmers, Ph.D.

Description
These two projects focused on the multiple contexts and experiences of violence experienced by children, namely the study of polyvictimization among adolescents and children in Québec. These are two surveys conducted among adolescents (12-18 years old) and parents of children 2-11 years old in Québec. They are based on recent population studies conducted by a team of American researchers who have developed international expertise in the field of developmental polyvictimization (Finkelhor et al., 2005; Finkelhor, 2008).

After having undertaken in 2007 the translation in french of the American questionnaire (Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire) and tested its completion with a clinical sample of 220 young people followed in youth center, the first part of the survey made it possible to document the experiences of violence of adolescents. in the family, at school and in the community through telephone interviews carried out with a representative sample of 1,400 adolescents (12-18 years old). The second part was then carried out with a sample of the same size and representative of parents of children aged between 0 and 11 years old.

Together, these two surveys have provided a better understanding of the causes and consequences of polyvictimization among young people in Québec from a developmental perspective. The analyzes made it possible in particular to identify the risk factors for their victimization and the differential and common impacts according to the nature of the victimization on the mental health of children (e.g.: depression, aggressiveness, anxiety). In addition, for the first time in Québec, it was possible to establish a representative portrait of polyvictimization among children by examining the groupings, interactions and concomitances between the forms of violence and the associated factors.

Publications

Gagné, M-H., *Dubé, C., Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2018). Community violence and associated psychological problems among adolescents in the general population. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma.

*Robert-Mazaye, C., Clément, M.-È., Cyr, K. & Chamberland, C. (2017). Typological analysis of victimization profiles of young children. Violence & Victims, 32(2), 230-250.

Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., Clément, M.-È., Wemmers, J.-A., Collin-Vézina, D., Lessard, G., Gagné, M.-H., & Damant, D. (2017). The impact of lifetime victimization and polyvictimization on adolescents in Québec: Mental health symptoms and gender differences. Violence & Victims, 32(1), 3-21.

Wemmers, J-A., Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., Collin-Vézina, D., Lessard, G., & Clément, M-È. (2017). From victimization to criminalization: General strain theory and the relationship between victimization and delinquency. Victims & Offenders, 13(4), 542-557. doi: 10.1080/15564886.2017.1383958

Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., Lessard, G., Clément, M.-È., & Gagné, M.-H. (2012). La polyvictimisation des jeunes. Dans M.-H. Gagné, S. Drapeau, et M.-C. St-Jacques (Éds.), Les enfants maltraités, de l’affliction à l’espoir (chapitre 5). Sainte-Foy : Presses de l’Université Laval.

*Dumont, A., Lessard, G., Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., & Clément, M.-È. (2014). L’exposition à la violence familiale. Effets du cumul d’autres formes de formes de violence. Criminologie, 47(1), 149-163.

Cyr, K., Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2014). La victimisation, une norme dans la vie des jeunes au Québec ? Criminologie, 47(1), 17-40.

Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., Clément, M.-È., & Lessard, G. (2014). Victimisation : réalité préoccupante pour les jeunes pris en charge par la DPJ. Criminologie, 47(1), 187-211.

*Dubé, C., Gagné, M.-H., Clément, M.-È., Chamberland, C., & Cyr, K. (2014). La violence communautaire : portrait des jeunes Québécois. Criminologie, 47(1), 127-148.

Cyr, K., Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2014). Lifetime prevalence of multiple victimizations and its impact on children’s mental health. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(4), 616-634.

Cyr, K., Chamberland, C., Clément, M.-È., Lessard, G., Wemmers, J., Collin-Vézina, D., Gagné, M.-H.,& Damant, D. (2013). Polyvictimization and victimization of children and youth: Results from a populational survey. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37(10), 814-820.

Cyr, K., Chamberland, C, Lessard, G., Clément, M.-È., Wemmers, J., Collin-Vézina, D., Gagné, M.-H.,& Damant, D. (2012). Polyvictimization in a clinical sample of children and youths. Psychology of Violence, 2(4), 385-400.

Funding
Ministère de la santé et des services sociaux
Institut de la statistique du Québec
Chaire de recherche sur la victimisation des enfants
Chaire de recherche sur la violence faite aux enfants

Description
These three surveys were carried out jointly with the Institut de la statistique du Québec. They aimed to document the extent and evolution of physical and psychological violence against children in the family environment as well as the factors associated with parenting practices. In 2012, measures of neglect and exposure to spousal violence were added. Carried out by telephone surveys with representative samples of Québec parents, they reached 2,469 mothers (1999), 3,148 mothers and 953 fathers (2004) and 4,029 mothers and 1,342 fathers (2012).

Together, these surveys have made it possible to follow the evolution of attitudes and behavior of physical and psychological violence against children in Québec. They have also made it possible to document the importance of certain personal factors (e.g .: attitudes towards corporal punishment, parental depression, parental stress), family (e.g .: conjugal violence) and social (e.g .: poverty, social support) in the occurrence of various forms of violent behavior towards children.

Reports

Clément, M.-È., Bernèche, F., Chamberland, C., & Fontaine, C. (2013). La violence familiale dans la vie des enfants du Québec, 2012. Les attitudes et parentales et les pratiques familiales. Québec : Institut de la Statistique du Québec.

Clément, M.-È., Chamberland C., Côté, L., Dubeau, D., & Beauvais, B. (2005). La violence familiale dans la vie des enfants du Québec, 2004. Québec : Institut de la Statistique du Québec, 160 p.

Clément, M.-È., Bouchard, C., Jetté, M., & Laferrière, S. (2000). La violence familiale dans la vie des enfants du Québec, 1999. Québec : Institut de la Statistique du Québec, 117 p.

Publications 

Clément, M.-È., *Menand, V., Piché, G., & Dubeau, D. (2019). Prévalence et facteurs associés aux symptômes dépressifs chez les pères d’enfant 6 mois-17 ans au Québec. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 64(8), 550-560.

*Bandola, C., Clément, M.-È., & Bérubé, A. (2018). A cumulative risk model of affective and cognitive child neglect risk in the general population. XXII Internal Congress on Child Abuse & Neglect (IPSCAN). Prague.

Clément, M.-È., Gagné, M.-H., & Chamberland, C. (2018). Adaptation et validation francophone d’un questionnaire sur les conduites parentales à caractère violent (PC-CTS). Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 68(3), 141–149.

Clément, M.-È., Bérubé, A., & Chamberland, C. (2016). Prevalence and risk factors of child neglect in the general population. Public Health, 138, 86-92.

Clément, M.-È., Chamberland, C., & Bouchard, C. (2015). Prevalence, co-occurrence and decennial trends of family violence toward children in the general population. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 106(7), 31-37.

Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2014). Trends in corporal punishment and attitudes in favour of this practice: Toward a change in societal norms. Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health, 33(2). 13-29.

Clément, M.-È., *Lespérance, K., & Chamberland, C. (2013). Occurrence unique et concomitance de l'agression psychologique et de la punition corporelle envers les enfants. Revue Canadienne de Service social, 30(1), 28-45

Clément, M.-È., *Boudreau, M., & Chamberland, C. (2012). Regards maternels sur la transmission intergénérationnelle de la violence physique envers les enfants. Revue Canadienne de Santé Mentale Communautaire, 31(2), 1-17.

Dufour, S., Clément, M.-È., Chamberland, C., Dubeau, D. (2011). Child abuse in a disciplinary context: A typology of abusive family environments. Journal of Family Violence, 26, 595-606.

*Jamal, F., Dufour, S., Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2011). Lien entre légitimité perçue de la violence subie dans l’enfance et comportements violents à l’égard des enfants selon les pères québécois. Revue de Psychoéducation, 40(2), 175-190.

Clément, M.-È., & Trocmé, N. (2009). Description du troisième cycle des enquêtes sur la maltraitance et la violence envers les enfants au Québec. Santé, Société et Solidarité, 1, 159-164.

Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2009). The role of parental stress, mother’s childhood abuse and perceived consequences of violence in predicting approval and attribution in favor of corporal punishment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18(2), 163-171

Clément, M.-È., Dufour, S., Dubeau, D., & Chamberland, C. (2009). Description et analyse des attitudes et attributions paternelles favorables à la punition corporelle. Revue Canadienne des Sciences du Comportement, 41(1), 11-21.

*Lévesque, S., Clément, M-È., & Chamberland, C. (2007). Factors associated with co-occurrence of spousal and parental violence: Quebec population study. Journal of Family Violence, 22(8), 661-674.

Clément, M.-È., & Chamberland, C. (2007). Physical violence and psychological aggression towards children: Five-year trends in practices and attitudes from two population surveys. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(9), 1001-1011.

Clément, M.-È., & Bouchard, C. (2005). Predicting the use of single versus multiple types of violence towards children in a representative sample. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29(10), 1121-1139

Clément, M.-È., & Bouchard, C. (2003). Liens intergénérationnels des conduites parentales à caractère violent : recension et résultats empiriques. Revue de Psychoéducation, 32(1), 49-77.

Researchers
Marie-Ève Clément, Ph.D.
Mélissa Goulet, Ph.D.
Sonia Hélie, Ph.D.
Claire Chamberland, Ph.D.

Description
In an effort to understand the dynamics and contexts of family violence, two secondary analysis projects of data from the Études québécoises d'incidence des signalements de cas de violence et de négligence envers les enfants (EIQ-2 and EIQ 3) were carried out. These are Québec-wide studies that documented with stakeholders the reports received by youth protection agencies in 2003 and 2008.

The analyzes focused on children for whom at least one assessed incident was found to be founded in protection by distinguishing between the various forms of maltreatment (physical abuse or risk of physical abuse, sexual abuse or risk of sexual abuse, neglect or risk of neglect , abandonment, psychological mistreatment, serious behavioral disorders). Cluster analyzes were carried out in order to develop a taxonomy (a typology and an explanatory model) of the needs of children and families receiving services from the Director of Youth Protection. They made it possible to highlight the presence of co-occurrence of well-founded cases with compromised security and development in the profiles obtained and to show the presence of distinct family profiles on the basis of a set of variables specific to the child, to the parents and conditions of life. The family profiles obtained were validated through additional analyzes based on the services identified by the workers in the EIQ to meet the needs of children and families.

Publications 

*Goulet, M., Hélie, S., & Clément, M.-È. (2018). Child and family needs profiles among cases substantiated by child protection services. Child Abuse & Neglect, 81, 366-379.

Clément, M.-È., Chamberland, C., Tourigny, M., & Mayer, M. (2009). Taxinomie des besoins des enfants dont les mauvais traitements ou les troubles de comportement ont été jugés fondés par la direction de la protection de la jeunesse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(10), 750-765.

Researchers
Marie-Ève Clément, Ph.D.
Geneviève Piché, Ph.D.

Funding
Chaire de recherche du Canada sur la violence faite aux enfants

Description
This project made it possible to carry out secondary analyzes of a longitudinal database on the development of children in Québec (ELDEQ) in order to measure the impacts, by a prospective approach, of the practices of violence in the education of children. Such analyzes are still rare in Canada. However, they are necessary in order to understand the long-term impacts of coercive parenting practices on children (MacMillan et al., 2007).

Publications 

Piché, G., *Huynh, C., Clément, M.-È, & Durrant, J. (2016). Predicting externalizing and prosocial behaviors in children from parental use of corporal punishment. Infant and Child Development, 26(4) 1-18. Doi: 10.1002/icd.2006